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Zone 3 Planting Guide

Last frost: Jun 1 First frost: Sep 15 Frost-free days: 90

104 Direct sow
33 Start indoors
12 Marginal

Direct Sow These crops complete their season (>days to maturity) within your 90 frost-free days.

Vegetable

Agretti

Salsola soda

40–60 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week; tolerates some drought ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Amaranth

Amaranthus cruentus

50–75 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; drought-tolerant once established, 0.5-1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Apple Mint

Mentha suaveolens

60–90 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$27.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate to high; 1-2 inches/week; tolerates wet soil ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-8 hours)
Fruit

Apricot

Prunus armeniaca

60–80 Days to harvest
20 lb Avg yield
$60.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week; deep but infrequent once established ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Fruit

Aronia (Chokeberry)

Aronia melanocarpa

60–90 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$80.00 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.75-1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (tolerates shade better than most fruit shrubs)
Vegetable

Arugula

Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa

28–45 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week, avoid drought stress during leaf development ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4–6 hours; afternoon shade extends season in warm weather)
Herb

Bee Balm

Monarda didyma

60–90 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$3.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week; drought stress causes early dormancy ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Beet

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

55–70 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, consistent to prevent woody roots ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Bitter Melon

Momordica charantia

55–80 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent moisture during fruiting ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Fruit

Blackberry

Rubus allegheniensis

60–90 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$16.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Fruit

Blueberry

Vaccinium corymbosum

60–90 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$25.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-2 inches/week, mulch to retain moisture, acid soil required ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Bok Choy

Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis

45–60 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent moisture reduces bitterness ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Herb

Borage

Borago officinalis

50–70 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$1.50 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Broccoli Rabe

Brassica rapa subsp. ruvo

45–60 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$13.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Calendula

Calendula officinalis

45–60 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, tolerates some drought once established ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Fruit

Cantaloupe

Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis

75–90 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$6.25 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-2 inches/week, reduce sharply at ripening for concentrated flavor ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Fruit

Cape Gooseberry

Physalis peruviana

70–80 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$27.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Carrot

Daucus carota

70–80 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$8.75 Est. value
💧 Consistent 1 inch/week; uneven moisture causes forked or cracked roots ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours minimum)
Vegetable

Celtuce

Lactuca sativa var. angustana

60–90 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent moisture for tender stems ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Herb

Chamomile

Matricaria chamomilla

60–90 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$3.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; drought-tolerant, 0.5-1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Fruit

Cherry

Prunus avium

55–75 Days to harvest
25 lb Avg yield
$125.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, reduce after harvest ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Cherry Tomato

Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme

60–70 Days to harvest
12 lb Avg yield
$42.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-2 inches/week, consistent moisture to reduce cracking ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours minimum)
Herb

Chervil

Anthriscus cerefolium

30–45 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, consistent moisture ☀️ Partial shade (3-5 hours direct sun, shade preferred)
Vegetable

Chinese Broccoli

Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra

45–60 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Chives

Allium schoenoprasum

60–90 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, consistent but not waterlogged ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Chrysanthemum Greens

Glebionis coronaria

40–60 Days to harvest
0.75 lb Avg yield
$3.75 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (5-7 hours)
Herb

Cilantro

Coriandrum sativum

45–60 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week, keep soil moist during germination ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours; afternoon shade extends season)
Vegetable

Collard Greens

Brassica oleracea var. viridis

60–75 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$12.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Corn

Zea mays

65–90 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, critical at silking and ear fill ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours minimum)
Vegetable

Cowpea

Vigna unguiculata

60–90 Days to harvest
2.5 lb Avg yield
$7.50 Est. value
💧 Low; drought-tolerant after establishment; 0.5-1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Cucumber

Cucumis sativus

55–70 Days to harvest
8 lb Avg yield
$14.24 Est. value
💧 Heavy; 1–2 inches/week, consistent moisture critical to prevent bitter fruit ☀️ Full sun (6–8 hours minimum)
Herb

Culantro

Eryngium foetidum

60–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent moisture ☀️ Partial shade to full sun (4-7 hours; prefers some shade in heat)
Fruit

Currant

Ribes rubrum

60–90 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$21.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours acceptable)
Vegetable

Daikon

Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus

45–70 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent during root development ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Dill

Anethum graveolens

40–60 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$11.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 1 inch/week once established, tolerates dry ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Edamame

Glycine max

70–90 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, critical at pod fill ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Eggplant

Solanum melongena

70–85 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$7.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1–1.5 inches/week; consistent moisture prevents bitter fruit and blossom drop ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours; heat-loving, more sun = more fruit)
Herb

Epazote

Dysphania ambrosioides

50–70 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.5-0.75 inch/week, drought-tolerant ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Fennel

Foeniculum vulgare

65–90 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Fenugreek

Trigonella foenum-graecum

30–45 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$2.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, tolerates brief drought ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Garden Pea

Pisum sativum

55–70 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, avoid waterlogging ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours minimum)
Fruit

Gooseberry

Ribes uva-crispa

60–90 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$20.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours acceptable)
Vegetable

Green Bean

Phaseolus vulgaris

50–65 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$6.78 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week, consistent moisture from flowering through harvest ☀️ Full sun (6–8 hours minimum)
Fruit

Ground Cherry

Physalis pruinosa

70–80 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, tolerates drought once established ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Holy Basil

Ocimum tenuiflorum

60–75 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$15.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 0.5-1 inch/week; drought-tolerant once established; good drainage essential ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Fruit

Honeyberry

Lonicera caerulea

35–50 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$50.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade
Vegetable

Hot Pepper

Capsicum annuum

70–85 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$10.47 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-2 inches/week, reduce slightly once fruit sets ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours preferred)
Vegetable

Hyacinth Bean

Lablab purpureus

65–90 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Kale

Brassica oleracea var. acephala

55–75 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$7.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1–1.5 inches/week, consistent moisture reduces bitterness ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4–6 hours minimum; accepts afternoon shade)
Vegetable

Kohlrabi

Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes

45–60 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent to prevent woody bulb ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Lemon Balm

Melissa officinalis

70–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, tolerates drought once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Lettuce

Lactuca sativa

45–65 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$5.25 Est. value
💧 Regular; keep soil consistently moist, lettuce has a shallow root system ☀️ Partial to full sun (4–6 hours); afternoon shade beneficial in warm weather
Vegetable

Lima Bean

Phaseolus lunatus

65–90 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$10.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, reduce after pods form ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Lovage

Levisticum officinale

75–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Mâche

Valerianella locusta

45–60 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$16.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 0.5-1 inch/week, tolerates cold and wet ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Malabar Spinach

Basella alba

70–85 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent during warm months ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Marjoram

Origanum majorana

60–80 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.50 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 0.5-0.75 inch/week, tolerates drought ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Mizuna

Brassica rapa var. nipposinica

20–40 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$16.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Moringa

Moringa oleifera

60–90 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$30.00 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.5-0.75 inch/week, very drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Fruit

Mulberry

Morus rubra

45–60 Days to harvest
30 lb Avg yield
$180.00 Est. value
💧 Light; drought-tolerant once established, 0.5-1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Mung Bean

Vigna radiata

55–70 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week; drought-tolerant; poor drainage is the primary threat ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Mustard Greens

Brassica juncea

35–50 Days to harvest
0.75 lb Avg yield
$2.25 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (4-6 hours acceptable)
Vegetable

Napa Cabbage

Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis

70–80 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent moisture throughout head formation ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Nasturtium

Tropaeolum majus

35–52 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.00 Est. value
💧 Light; drought-tolerant, overwatering reduces flowering ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

New Zealand Spinach

Tetragonia tetragonioides

55–70 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 0.75-1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Okra

Abelmoschus esculentus

50–65 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week once established, drought-tolerant ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours minimum)
Herb

Oregano

Origanum vulgare

80–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Light; drought-tolerant once established, 0.5-0.75 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Parsley

Petroselinum crispum

70–90 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, tolerates brief dry periods once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Fruit

Pawpaw

Asimina triloba

60–90 Days to harvest
20 lb Avg yield
$160.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week for first 2-3 years, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (tolerates shade when young)
Herb

Peppermint

Mentha x piperita

60–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week; tolerates moist conditions; container soil dries faster than in-ground ☀️ Full sun to part shade (4-6 hours works; more sun = higher menthol)
Vegetable

Pole Bean

Phaseolus vulgaris (indeterminate)

55–65 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week; keep soil consistently moist once pods forming ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Potato

Solanum tuberosum

70–90 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$6.25 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-2 inches/week, consistent to prevent hollow heart ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Purslane

Portulaca oleracea

50–60 Days to harvest
2.5 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Light; extremely drought-tolerant, 0.5 inches/week or less ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Radicchio

Cichorium intybus var. foliosum

60–85 Days to harvest
2.5 lb Avg yield
$12.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Radish

Raphanus sativus

25–30 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Consistent 1 inch/week; dry soil causes pithy, hot-tasting roots and accelerates bolting ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (6+ hours optimal; tolerates 4 hours)
Fruit

Raspberry

Rubus idaeus

60–90 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent but well-drained ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Runner Bean

Phaseolus coccineus

55–75 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, especially during flowering ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Sage

Salvia officinalis

75–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; drought-tolerant once established, 0.5-0.75 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Scallion

Allium fistulosum

60–70 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (4-6 hours acceptable)
Fruit

Serviceberry

Amelanchier canadensis

45–60 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$80.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week when young, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade
Herb

Shiso

Perilla frutescens

60–80 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$15.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, consistent but not saturated ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Snap Pea

Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon

55–70 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, reduce after pods form ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Sorrel

Rumex acetosa

60–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$3.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Herb

Spearmint

Mentha spicata

60–90 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$36.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate to high; 1-2 inches/week; tolerates wet soil ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-8 hours)
Vegetable

Spinach

Spinacia oleracea

37–50 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$17.50 Est. value
💧 Consistent moisture, approximately 1 inch per week; drought stress accelerates bolting faster than almost anything else you can do wrong ☀️ Full sun to partial shade; afternoon shade in spring extends the harvest window by slowing heat accumulation on the leaves
Herb

Stevia

Stevia rebaudiana

60–90 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, sensitive to both drought and waterlogging ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Fruit

Strawberry

Fragaria × ananassa

60–90 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$7.49 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week, more during fruit development ☀️ Full sun (6–8 hours minimum)
Herb

Summer Savory

Satureja hortensis

60–80 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.50 Est. value
💧 Light; drought-tolerant once established, 0.5-0.75 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Sunflower

Helianthus annuus

70–90 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Herb

Sweet Basil

Ocimum basilicum

50–75 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$7.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; keep soil consistently moist, water at root zone ☀️ Full sun (6–8 hours minimum)
Vegetable

Sweet Pepper

Capsicum annuum

70–90 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1–1.5 inches/week; consistent moisture critical at fruit set to prevent blossom drop ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours; more sun = more fruit)
Vegetable

Swiss Chard

Beta vulgaris var. cicla

55–70 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$3.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1–1.5 inches/week; consistent moisture produces tender leaves ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4–6 hours minimum; heat tolerant with afternoon shade)
Herb

Tarragon

Artemisia dracunculus var. sativa

60–90 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$3.50 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 0.5-1 inch/week, good drainage essential ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Tatsoi

Brassica rapa var. narinosa

25–45 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$16.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Tepary Bean

Phaseolus acutifolius

60–90 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$14.00 Est. value
💧 Very light; drought-tolerant, minimal supplemental irrigation needed ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Tomato

Solanum lycopersicum

60–85 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$17.80 Est. value
💧 Regular, 1–2 inches/week; consistent moisture critical ☀️ Full sun (6–8 hours minimum)
Vegetable

Turnip

Brassica rapa subsp. rapa

30–60 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$7.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent for tender roots ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours minimum)
Herb

Vietnamese Coriander

Persicaria odorata

45–60 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, tolerates moist conditions ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-7 hours)
Vegetable

Water Spinach

Ipomoea aquatica

30–50 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Heavy; 1.5-2 inches/week; thrives in moist or waterlogged conditions ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Watercress

Nasturtium officinale

30–40 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$10.50 Est. value
💧 Heavy; keep soil saturated or grow in containers of standing water, replenishing daily ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Fruit

Watermelon

Citrullus lanatus

75–90 Days to harvest
15 lb Avg yield
$7.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-2 inches/week during vine growth, reduce at ripening ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Herb

Winter Savory

Satureja montana

60–80 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$2.50 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.5-0.75 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Yardlong Bean

Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis

55–80 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, reduce in cool weather ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Zucchini

Cucurbita pepo

50–65 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Deep watering 1-2 inches/week; consistent moisture prevents blossom drop ☀️ Full sun (6–8 hours minimum)

Start Indoors Start these 6-8 weeks before Jun 1 to complete the growing season before first frost.

Vegetable

Acorn Squash

Cucurbita pepo

80–100 Days to harvest
6 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent at fruit set ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Artichoke

Cynara scolymus

85–100 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1.5-2 inches/week, reduce in winter dormancy ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Broccoli

Brassica oleracea var. italica

80–100 Days to harvest
6 lb Avg yield
$15.00 Est. value
💧 Consistent 1-1.5 inches/week; even moisture prevents hollow stems and premature bolting ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours minimum)
Vegetable

Brussels Sprouts

Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera

85–110 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$6.75 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent through fall ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours minimum)
Vegetable

Butternut Squash

Cucurbita moschata

85–110 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$8.75 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, reduce as fruits mature ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Cabbage

Brassica oleracea var. capitata

70–120 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$3.75 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent to prevent head splitting ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Cauliflower

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis

80–100 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$7.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent - moisture stress causes buttoning ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours minimum)
Vegetable

Celery

Apium graveolens

85–120 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$4.00 Est. value
💧 Heavy; 1.5-2 inches/week, sensitive to moisture stress ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Chickpea

Cicer arietinum

90–110 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 0.75-1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Curry Leaf

Murraya koenigii

90–120 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, reduce in winter ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Fruit

Elderberry

Sambucus nigra

90–120 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$40.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Endive

Cichorium endivia

85–100 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$8.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Vegetable

Fava Bean

Vicia faba

75–100 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Fruit

Hazelnut

Corylus americana

90–120 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$30.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (5-8 hours)
Herb

Lemon Verbena

Aloysia citrodora

90–120 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, allow soil surface to dry between waterings ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Herb

Lemongrass

Cymbopogon citratus

75–100 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, tolerates brief drought once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Fruit

Loquat

Eriobotrya japonica

90–120 Days to harvest
20 lb Avg yield
$100.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week; drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Luffa

Luffa aegyptiaca

90–120 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent during fruit development ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Onion

Allium cepa

90–120 Days to harvest
8 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week during bulbing, reduce as tops fall ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours minimum)
Herb

Peppermint

Mentha × piperita

90–120 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$7.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; keep soil consistently moist, does not tolerate drought ☀️ Partial shade to full sun (4–6 hours); afternoon shade preferred in hot climates
Fruit

Persimmon

Diospyros virginiana

70–100 Days to harvest
20 lb Avg yield
$100.00 Est. value
💧 Light to moderate; 1 inch/week when young, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Fruit

Plum

Prunus domestica

75–100 Days to harvest
20 lb Avg yield
$40.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-2 inches/week during establishment, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Pumpkin

Cucurbita pepo

90–120 Days to harvest
12 lb Avg yield
$9.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-2 inches/week, at base not foliage ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Quinoa

Chenopodium quinoa

90–120 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.75-1 inch/week, drought-tolerant ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Romanesco

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis

75–100 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent throughout head development ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Rutabaga

Brassica napus var. napobrassica

80–100 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$3.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, consistent ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Saffron

Crocus sativus

90–120 Days to harvest
0.02 lb Avg yield
$100.00 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.5 inch/week during growth; dry dormancy in summer essential ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Fruit

Sea Buckthorn

Hippophae rhamnoides

90–120 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$200.00 Est. value
💧 Light; 0.5-1 inch/week; very drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Shallot

Allium cepa var. aggregatum

90–120 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$5.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1 inch/week during bulbing, reduce as tops fall ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)
Vegetable

Spaghetti Squash

Cucurbita pepo

90–100 Days to harvest
8 lb Avg yield
$12.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, avoid wetting foliage ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Sweet Potato

Ipomoea batatas

90–120 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$7.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Tomatillo

Physalis philadelphica

75–100 Days to harvest
3 lb Avg yield
$10.50 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, drought-tolerant once established ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours minimum)
Vegetable

Winter Squash

Cucurbita maxima

85–100 Days to harvest
12 lb Avg yield
$23.88 Est. value
💧 Heavy during establishment; reduce to moderate once vines run, 1-2 inches/week ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours minimum)

Marginal Season is tight. Use a greenhouse, row cover, or high tunnel to extend your window.

Vegetable

Celeriac

Apium graveolens var. rapaceum

100–120 Days to harvest
1.5 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Heavy; 1.5-2 inches/week, consistent - stress causes cracked roots ☀️ Full sun to partial shade (4-6 hours)
Fruit

Fig

Ficus carica

90–150 Days to harvest
8 lb Avg yield
$36.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week during fruit development, drought-tolerant otherwise ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Fruit

Goji Berry

Lycium barbarum

90–150 Days to harvest
2 lb Avg yield
$24.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; drought-tolerant once established, 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Fruit

Grape

Vitis vinifera

90–180 Days to harvest
10 lb Avg yield
$25.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week first 2 years, drought-tolerant after establishment ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Jerusalem Artichoke

Helianthus tuberosus

100–150 Days to harvest
8 lb Avg yield
$28.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; drought-tolerant once established, 1 inch/week ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia

90–365 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$7.50 Est. value
💧 Light; extremely drought-tolerant, 0.25-0.5 inch/week once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours minimum)
Vegetable

Leek

Allium ampeloprasum

100–130 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$17.50 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, consistent - irregular watering causes split shanks ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Parsnip

Pastinaca sativa

100–130 Days to harvest
4 lb Avg yield
$10.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1 inch/week, consistent for straight roots ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Vegetable

Peanut

Arachis hypogaea

100–130 Days to harvest
1 lb Avg yield
$3.00 Est. value
💧 Moderate; 1-1.5 inches/week, reduce at harvest ☀️ Full sun (8+ hours)
Vegetable

Popcorn

Zea mays var. everta

95–110 Days to harvest
5 lb Avg yield
$30.00 Est. value
💧 Regular; 1-1.5 inches/week, especially at silking ☀️ Full sun (6+ hours)
Herb

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus

90–180 Days to harvest
0.5 lb Avg yield
$6.00 Est. value
💧 Light; very drought-tolerant once established, 0.5 inch/week maximum ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours minimum)
Herb

Thyme

Thymus vulgaris

90–180 Days to harvest
0.25 lb Avg yield
$3.00 Est. value
💧 Light; very drought-tolerant, 0.5 inch/week or less once established ☀️ Full sun (6-8 hours)

Other zones

Zone 4 (cold)Zone 5 (cool)Zone 6 (moderate)Zone 7 (mild)Zone 8 (warm)Zone 9 (hot)Zone 10 (tropical)